Then, he compared that data with fake CMB data he randomly generated. He had those circles "compete" with one another, he said, to determine which area most nearly matched the expected spectrums of Hawking points. Next, he highlighted areas where the distribution of the microwave frequencies match what would be expected if Hawking points exist. To spot that faint mark against the already faint, muddled radiation of the CMB, An said, he ran a kind of statistical tournament among patches of sky.Īn took circular regions in the third of the sky where galaxies and starlight don't overwhelm the CMB. If researchers could spot that mark, then the scientists would have reason to believe that CCC vision of the universe is right, or at least not definitely wrong. And that mark, made in the background radiation frequencies of space, can survive the death of a universe. Here's what that means: All the time a black hole spent dissolving itself via Hawking radiation leaves a mark. "It's not the black hole's singularity," or it's actual, physical body, he told Live Science, "but the… entire Hawking radiation of the hole throughout its history." Penrose said that the traces aren't of the black holes themselves, but rather of the billions of years those objects spent putting energy out into their own universe via Hawking radiation. So, if the new universe contains none of the black holes from the previous universe, how could those black holes leave traces in the CMB? "And then it starts all over again," An said. So, a universe filled with only gravitons or photons will not have any sense of what is time or what is space," An said.Īt that point, some physicists (including Penrose) argue, the vast, empty, post-black-hole universe starts to resemble the ultra-compressed universe at the moment of the big bang, where there's no time or distance between anything. Massless objects like photons and gravitons travel at the speed of light, so they don't experience time or distance at all. Einstein's theory of relativity dictates that objects with mass seem to move through time slower as they approach the speed of light, and distances become skewed from their perspective. Gravitons and photons, massless light speed travelers, don't experience time and space the same way we - and all the other massive, slower-moving objects in the universe- do. "The thing about this period of time is that massless gravitons and photons don't really experience time or space," he said. If this Hawking radiation exists, "then what's going to happen is that these black holes will gradually, gradually shrink."Īt a certain point, those black holes would disintegrate entirely, An said, leaving the universe a massless soup of photons and gravitons. According to Hawking's most famous theory, black holes slowly lose some of their mass and energy over time through radiation of massless particles called gravitons and photons. "If the universe goes on and on and the black holes gobble up everything, at a certain point, we're only going to have black holes," he told Live Science.
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